Discover Matsumoto Castle: A Journey Through Samurai History
Introduction
Nestled in the heart of Nagano Prefecture, Matsumoto Castle stands as a testament to Japan’s rich feudal history. Often referred to as “Crow Castle” due to its striking black exterior, Matsumoto Castle is one of Japan’s most beautiful and historically significant samurai castles. This Japanese castle, with its unique architecture and scenic surroundings, offers a glimpse into the lives of samurai and the strategic importance of such fortresses. For anyone interested in Japanese historical sites, visiting Matsumoto Castle is a must.
| Official site | https://www.matsumoto-castle.jp/ |
| Address | 4-1 Marunouchi, Matsumoto City, Nagano |
| Entry Fee | 700yen |
The History and Origins of Matsumoto Castle
The Background of Its Construction
Matsumoto Castle, also known as one of the best castles in Japan, was constructed in the late 16th century during the Sengoku period, a time of intense conflict and political intrigue. Originally built by the Ogasawara clan, the castle was strategically located to defend against potential invasions from rival factions. The castle’s construction was heavily influenced by the era’s architectural innovations, which aimed to enhance both its defensive capabilities and its aesthetic appeal.
The main keep, or “tenshu,” was completed around 1594 under the direction of Ishikawa Kazumasa and his son Yasunaga, vassals of the powerful Toyotomi Hideyoshi. The castle’s design incorporates both a keep and several smaller turrets, connected by a series of corridors and gates. This design allowed for effective defense against attackers while providing a commanding view of the surrounding area.
Matsumoto Castle’s construction is a remarkable example of samurai engineering, featuring steep wooden stairs, hidden floors, and strategic arrow slits. These features were designed to confuse and thwart invaders, demonstrating the ingenuity and foresight of its builders. The castle’s imposing black walls and elegant white accents reflect the aesthetics of the Azuchi-Momoyama period, blending functionality with beauty.
Historical Changes and Preservation
Throughout its history, Matsumoto Castle has seen numerous changes in leadership and purpose. During the Edo period, the Tokugawa shogunate maintained control over the castle, using it as a regional administrative center. Despite the relative peace of the Edo era, the castle’s military features were preserved, maintaining its status as a symbol of power and authority.
In the Meiji period, following the fall of the shogunate, many castles across Japan were dismantled or repurposed. However, Matsumoto Castle was spared this fate thanks to the efforts of local citizens who recognized its historical and cultural value. In 1952, Matsumoto Castle was designated a National Treasure of Japan, ensuring its preservation for future generations.
The Gardens and Surrounding Nature
Seasonal Beauty of the Gardens
Matsumoto Castle is surrounded by beautiful gardens that offer stunning views in every season. In spring, cherry blossoms frame the castle, creating a picturesque scene that attracts photographers and tourists alike. The summer months bring lush greenery, while autumn transforms the landscape into a tapestry of red and gold foliage. Winter offers a serene, snow-covered view of the castle, emphasizing its majestic presence against the stark white background.
Nature Trails and Scenic Spots
Visitors can explore the castle grounds and the surrounding area through various nature trails. These paths provide opportunities to experience the natural beauty of the region and discover hidden spots ideal for photography. The moat surrounding the castle is home to swans and koi fish, adding to the tranquility and charm of the location.
Must-See Attractions and Experiences
One of the must-see attractions at Matsumoto Castle is the moon viewing room, a unique feature that reflects the cultural practices of the samurai. Visitors can also participate in guided tours that provide detailed insights into the castle’s history and architecture, making the experience both educational and enjoyable.
| Date | Event Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Jan-05 | New Year Celebration | Traditional New Year celebration with performances and cultural displays. |
| Feb-10 | Winter Light Festival | Beautiful illumination of the castle grounds with light displays. |
| Mar-15 | Spring Tea Ceremony | Traditional tea ceremony held in the castle gardens. |
| Apr-01 | Cherry Blossom Festival | Enjoy the cherry blossoms with live music and food stalls. |
| May-05 | Children’s Day Event | Special activities and performances for children to celebrate Children’s Day. |
| Jun-20 | Samurai Parade | A parade featuring participants dressed as samurai warriors. |
| Jul-15 | Summer Fireworks Festival | Spectacular fireworks display over the castle. |
| Aug-10 | Traditional Music and Dance Night | Night of traditional Japanese music and dance performances. |
| Sep-21 | Autumn Harvest Festival | Celebration of the autumn harvest with food and cultural events. |
| Oct-10 | Moon Viewing Festival | Moon viewing event with traditional performances and tea ceremonies. |
| Nov-03 | Cultural Day Celebrations | Various cultural activities to celebrate Japan’s Culture Day. |
| Dec-25 | Winter Illumination and Christmas | Special winter illumination and Christmas-themed activities. |
Connections with Famous Feudal Lords
Involvement of Prominent Samurai
Matsumoto Castle has been associated with several famous feudal lords throughout its history. The Ogasawara clan, who initially built the castle, played a significant role in its early years. Later, the Ishikawa clan contributed to its development, enhancing its defenses and aesthetic appeal. The castle also served as a strategic stronghold for the Tokugawa shogunate, linking it to some of Japan’s most influential historical figures.
Major Events
Seasonal Special Events
Matsumoto Castle hosts several special events throughout the year, each highlighting a different aspect of Japanese culture and history. During the spring cherry blossom season, the castle grounds become a popular hanami (flower viewing) spot, with various performances and food stalls adding to the festive atmosphere. The summer months often feature traditional festivals, complete with fireworks displays and cultural demonstrations. In autumn, the castle hosts moon viewing events, celebrating the beauty of the full moon as it illuminates the castle’s silhouette.
Souvenirs
Unique Castle Souvenirs
Visitors to Matsumoto Castle can purchase a variety of unique souvenirs that reflect the castle’s historical and cultural significance. These include traditional crafts, such as lacquerware and pottery, as well as items featuring the castle’s iconic black and white design. Local delicacies, such as soba noodles and sake, are also popular choices, allowing visitors to take a piece of Matsumoto’s heritage home with them.
Access
Access to Matsumoto Castle
By Train
From Tokyo, you can take the JR Azusa limited express train from Shinjuku Station to Matsumoto Station. This journey takes approximately 2.5 hours and costs around ¥6,620. Alternatively, you can take the Hokuriku Shinkansen to Nagano and transfer to the JR Shinano limited express train to Matsumoto, which also takes about 2.5 hours but costs around ¥10,000.
By Bus
Highway buses operate hourly between Tokyo’s Shinjuku Bus Terminal and Matsumoto Bus Terminal near Matsumoto Station. The journey takes about 3 hours and costs approximately ¥3,900. This is a direct and cost-effective option.
From Matsumoto Station
Matsumoto Castle is a 15-minute walk from Matsumoto Station. Alternatively, you can use the “Town Sneaker” bus, which has a stop near the castle. The bus costs ¥200 per ride or ¥500 for a day pass, which includes a discount on admission to the castle.
Local Travel Tips
Once you arrive in Matsumoto, many attractions, including Matsumoto Castle, can be explored on foot. Free bicycle rentals are also available at various locations, such as the M Wing Building near the station and the Matsumoto City Museum next to the castle.
